Myriad lists exist pointing to the richest people in various countries around the world, as well as in all 50 states. The overwhelming majority of individuals on such lists are men—unsurprising considering the history of discriminatory workplace practices, barriers to women's wealth including barring women from having credit cards until the 1970s, and in income gap that leaves women earning $0.82 for every $1 men earn.
Madam C.J. Walker, purveyor of hair care and cosmetics for Black American women, is widely considered the first woman self-made millionaire in the U.S. Among the 500 richest people in the world, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, self-made women account for less than 5 percent.
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In 2016, Gabriel Zucman, an economics professor at the University of California, Berkeley, told The New York Times that "the higher up you move in the income distribution, the lower the proportion of women … [which] shows that there is a fundamental form of inequality at the top related to gender." This gender disparity is made even more clear by the fact that the number of female billionaires is growing half as fast as the number of male billionaires.
Using data from Forbes, Stacker compiled a list of the richest women in America. These wealthy women are ranked by their net worth as of March 26, 2021.
The women on the list have come upon their fortunes in various ways. Some, like the Waltons or the Pritzkers, are heiresses, inheriting wealth created by their families' businesses. Others, like Thai Lee or Meg Whitman, are self-made. Still others built businesses with their husbands, like Marian Ilitch of Little Caesars Pizza and MacKenzie Scott of Amazon. Regardless of how these women came into their fortunes, their economic impact is undeniable.
Keep reading to see how many names you recognize.
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50. Diane Kemper
- Net worth: $3.0 billion (#1,008 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: real estate
- Born: 1946
Diane Kemper is Sol Goldman's oldest daughter and part-owner of the Solil Management real estate group. For decades, Kemper acted as the head of the company's residential leasing department until health issues forced her into an early retirement. Her youngest sister, Jane Goldman, helms the company.
49. Amy Goldman Fowler
- Net worth: $3.0 billion (#1,000 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: real estate
- Born: 1954
Amy Goldman Fowler, Diane Kemper's younger sister, is another founder of the Solil Management real estate group. As a young adult, Fowler, 66, worked in her father's real estate office, learning the trade and absorbing his business acumen. Her expertise extends beyond the real estate market: She holds a doctorate in clinical psychology and has won three American Horticultural Society book awards.
48. Penny Pritzker
- Net worth: $3.0 billion (#992 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: hotels, investments
- Age: 1959
One of several heirs to the Hyatt Hotels fortune, Penny Pritzker, 61, served as the U.S. secretary of commerce under President Obama from 2013 to 2017. In the private sector, Pritzker has founded five companies, including PSP Partners and Pritzker Realty Group, and sits on the board of several others, including Microsoft and Measure.
47. Jane Goldman
- Net worth: $3.1 billion (#974 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: real estate
- Age: 1970
Jane Goldman heads up Solil Management with her three sibling co-owners: Allan, Amy, and Diane. Goldman is the youngest daughter of Sol Goldman, who, before his death in1987, was one of New York City's most prominent landlords. Among the family's notable investments is a 17 percent stake in Manhattan's World Trade Center developments.
46. Jean (Gigi) Pritzker
- Net worth: $3.2 billion (#952 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: hotels, investments
- Born: 1962
Another heir to the Hyatt Hotels fortune, Jean (Gigi) Pritzker is a movie producer in Los Angeles. She founded Madison Wells Media, an entertainment company named after the Chicago streets where her great-grandfather once sold newspapers, and her company has produced films such as Ender's Game and Hell or High Water. Pritzker is also behind the Pritzker Pucker Family Foundation, which donates to nonprofits focused on the arts, education, and building community.
45. Thai Lee
- Net worth: $3.2 billion (#940 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: IT provider
- Age: 1958
Born in Bangkok and raised in South Korea, Thai Lee moved to the United States in her teens to attend high school. Equipped with an MBA from Harvard University, Lee is now the CEO of SHI International, an information technology provider with more than 20,000 customers. SHI is the largest Minority and Women Owned Business Enterprise (MWBE) in the U.S. with more than 5,000 employees worldwide.
44. Gayle Benson
- Net worth: $3.4 billion (#887 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: pro sports teams
- Born: 1947
Formerly an interior designer, Gayle Benson, 73, married Tom Benson in 2004. When he died in 2018, she became the sole owner of the NFL's New Orleans Saints and the NBA's New Orleans Pelicans. The transfer of ownership wasn't uncontested; Tom's daughter and several grandchildren fought against his third wife for control over the teams.
43. Lynn Schusterman
- Net worth: $3.4 billion (#883 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: oil & gas, investments
- Born: 1939
In 2011, Lynn Schusterman sold her late husband's company, Samson Resources, for $7.2 billion. She committed $2.3 billion of that sale to the Charles and Lynn Schusterman Family Philanthropies, which supports criminal justice reform, early childhood education, and the Jewish community.
42. Martha Ingram & family
- Net worth: $3.5 billion (#858 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: book distribution, transportation
- Born: 1935
A part-owner of Ingram Industries, Martha Ingram took the reins of the book distribution and marine transport conglomerate after her husband died in 1995. In 2008, she stepped down as chairman of the corporation. Ingram also was the first female board chairman at her husband's alma mater, Vanderbilt University—a role she held for 12 years.
41. Denise York & family
- Net worth: $3.5 billion (#841 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: San Francisco 49ers
- Born: 1950
In 1977, Denise York's father, construction magnate Edward DeBartolo Sr., bought the San Francisco 49ers for $13 million. Today, York and her family own more than 90 percent of the NFL team, now worth $3.8 billion—the fifth-most valuable team in the league. York was also president of the NHL's Pittsburgh Penguins when the team won its first Stanley Cup in 1991.
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39. Winifred J. Marquart (tie)
- Net worth: $3.6 billion (#832 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: cleaning products
- Born: 1959
Winifred J. Marquart is one of the heirs to the S.C. Johnson company and the president of the Johnson Family Foundation. Marquart lives in Virginia Beach, making her the only member of the extended Johnson family to move out of their Racine, Wisconsin, hometown. In 2017, she joined her siblings in pledging $150 million to Cornell to fund the S.C. Johnson College of Business.
39. Helen Johnson-Leipold (tie)
- Net worth: $3.6 billion (#832 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: cleaning products
- Born: 1956
Another heir to the S.C. Johnson company, whose products include Glade, Raid, and Windex, Helen Johnson-Leipold is a graduate of Cornell University. Johnson-Leipold is the CEO and chairman of Johnson Outdoors and the chairman of the Johnson Financial Group. In 2017, she and her siblings pledged $150 million to her alma mater to fund the S.C. Johnson College of Business.
38. Lynsi Snyder
- Net worth: $3.6 billion (#823 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: In-N-Out Burger
- Born: 1982
Lynsi Snyder in 2000 became the sole heir to the In-N-Out Burger chain after both her uncle and father died. In 2010, she became president of the company and has worked since to expand the business with more than 80 new locations and counting.
37. Marianne Liebmann
- Net worth: $3.6 billion (#813 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Cargill
- Born: 1953
Cargill is America's second-largest privately owned company, and Marianne Liebmann is one of the brand's 12 billionaire heirs. In 1865, Liebmann's great-grandfather W.W. Cargill started the company when he opened a single grain warehouse along an Iowa train line. Today, the extended family owns over 90 percent of the business, which did $114.6 billion in sales in 2020.
36. Marian Ilitch
- Net worth: $3.7 billion (#803 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Little Caesars
- Born: 1933
Marian Ilitch co-founded the Little Caesars Pizza chain with her late husband Mike in 1959. In the intervening years, she reinvested the profits of her company and now owns the Detroit Red Wings and the Detroit Tigers as well as Detroit's MotorCity Casino Hotel.
35. Aerin Lauder
- Net worth: $3.8 billion (#764 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: cosmetics
- Born: 1970
One of two granddaughters of Estée Lauder, the cosmetics and skin care legend, Aerin Lauder has worked for the family business since 1992. In 2012, the style and image director launched her own eponymous lifestyle brand, Aerin, which sells everything from perfume to home decor.
34. Mary Alice Dorrance Malone
- Net worth: $3.9 billion (#739 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Campbell Soup
- Born: 1950
In 1897, Mary Alice Dorrance Malone's grandfather John T. Dorrance invented the condensed soup that rocketed Campbell's Soup Company to fame. Today, Dorrance Malone is on Campbell's board with her brother and is the single largest shareholder of the business. An avid horsewoman, she is also the president of an expansive breeding and training company called Iron Spring Farm.
33. Gwendolyn Sontheim Meyer
- Net worth: $4.0 billion (#722 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Cargill
- Born: 1961
Another heir to the Cargill food corporation, Gwendolyn Sontheim Meyer is the great-granddaughter of W.W. Cargill. Sontheim Meyer lives in Rancho Santa Fe, California, and spends a large portion of her time training show-jumping horses.
32. Johnelle Hunt
- Net worth: $4.1 billion (#703 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: trucking
- Born: 1939
Johnelle Hunt was a stay-at-home mom until 1961, when she and her husband J.B. sold their house to start a rice hull packaging business. The duo turned that initial operation into J.B. Hunt Transport Services, one of the largest transportation companies in the world. Hunt acted as the company's corporate secretary until her retirement in 2008 and remains the largest individual shareholder with a 17 percent stake in the brand that bears her late husband's name.
31. Margot Birmingham Perot
- Net worth: $4.1 billion (#690 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: computer services, real estate
- Born: 1933
After meeting her future husband, H. Ross Perot Sr., on a blind date, Margot Birmingham Perot gave him a $1,000 check to start Electronic Data Systems. When he sold the company to GM 22 years later, he netted $1.5 billion. Birmingham Perot has donated large sums of money to organizations such as the Perot Museum of Nature and Science and the Global Fund for Children, as well as providing the necessary funding for the Margot Perot Center for Women and Infants in Dallas.
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30. Janice McNair
- Net worth: $4.1 billion (#689 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: energy, sports
- Born: 1936
Janice McNair met her future husband Robert McNair at South Carolina's Columbia College in the late 1950s. The McNairs made their first fortune in 1999 by selling their company, Cogen Technologies, to Enron for $1.5 billion. They then bought an 80 percent stake in the NFL's Houston Texans, which McNair inherited upon her husband's death in 2018.
29. Elizabeth Johnson
- Net worth: $4.8 billion (#588 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: money management
- Born: c. 1954
Elizabeth Johnson is the granddaughter of Fidelity Investments founder Edward Johnson II and the sister of Abigail Johnson, the company's current CEO and chairman. In 2013, Johnson founded Louisburg Farm, a stable of show-jumping horses in Wellington, Florida. She is also a member of the research council of the Boston Society of Arts and Crafts.
28. Karen Pritzker
- Net worth: $4.9 billion (#560 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: hotels, investments
- Born: 1958
Another of the 11 billionaire heirs to the Hyatt Hotels fortune, Karen Pritzker used her inheritance to make some savvy investments, growing her fortune beyond that of her siblings and cousins. Pritzker in 2002 founded the Seedlings Foundation, which ranks among the top-giving organizations in Connecticut and focuses on the physical and mental health of children. She also frequently donates to organizations such as Yale University, Teach for America, and the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research.
27. Dagmar Dolby & family
- Net worth: $5.5 billion (#501 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Dolby Laboratories
- Born: 1941
The audio technology firm Dolby Laboratories pioneered the modern surround sound technology used in most of today's media, from movies to video games. The company was founded by Ray Dolby; but when he died in 2013, his widow Dagmar Dolby inherited about 36 percent of the brand. Since then, Dolby has donated nearly $200 million, giving to the University of Cambridge, the University of California in San Francisco, and the Academy Foundation.
26. Tamara Gustavson
- Net worth: $5.8 billion (#458 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: self storage
- Born: 1961
Tamara Gustavson is the largest individual shareholder of Public Storage, a self-storage company founded by her father in 1972. She sits on the boards of that company and another of her father's enterprises, American Homes 4 Rent. A racehorse aficionado, Gustavson also makes frequent donations to the HollyRod Foundation, which researches autism and Parkinson's disease.
25. Meg Whitman
- Net worth: $5.9 billion (#452 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: eBay
- Born: 1956
Throughout her career Meg Whitman has held a number of leadership roles in various companies, but the executive is best known for her time as CEO of eBay. She held the role from 1998 to 2008 and grew the retail giant's sales from $5.7 million to $8 billion. Whitman most recently made headlines in her role as CEO of Quibi, the short-lived short-form streaming app.
23. Milane Frantz (tie)
- Net worth: $5.9 billion (#445 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: pipelines
- Born: 1969
Milane Frantz's father, the late Dan Duncan, was at one point the richest man in Houston. When he died in 2010, his company, Enterprise Products Partners, passed to his four children, including Frantz. While she's not involved in the company operations, Frantz does serve as the director of the Duncan Family Foundation. She also sits on the board of Houston's Hermann Park Conservancy.
23. Dannine Avara (tie)
- Net worth: $5.9 billion (#445 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: pipelines
- Born: 1964
Another one of Dan Duncan's daughters, Dannine Avara, 57, also inherited a portion of Enterprise Production Partners after her father died in 2010. The company her father began in 1968 now owns nearly 50,000 miles of oil, natural gas, and petrochemical pipelines across the country.
22. Randa Duncan Williams
- Net worth: $5.9 billion (#444 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: pipelines
- Born: 1962
Randa Duncan Williams is Dan Duncan's oldest daughter and the only one of his children to be involved in the operations of the family-owned company, Enterprise Production Partners. Duncan Williams joined the business in 1994 after graduating from the University of Houston with a law degree. In 2001, she was promoted to president and CEO of the company.
21. Jane Lauder
- Net worth: $6.0 billion (#438 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Estée Lauder
- Born: 1973
Jane Lauder the other granddaughter of cosmetics and skin care mastermind Estée Lauder, joined the family business in 1996 just one year after graduating from Stanford University. She managed the company's Clinique brand for several years before being promoted to executive vice president and chief data officer in July 2020. Since 2018, she has also served on the Eventbrite board of directors.
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20. Judy Faulkner
- Net worth: $6.0 billion (#432 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: health IT
- Born: 1943
In a Wisconsin basem*nt in 1979, computer programmer Judy Faulkner founded Epic Systems with the support of two part-time assistants. Epic Systems has grown to be the leading medical record software in America, and Faulker is still its CEO. In 2015, Faulkner signed the Giving Pledge, agreeing to give 99 percent of her family's wealth to a non-profit foundation.
18. Margaretta Taylor (tie)
- Net worth: $6.2 billion (#414 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: media, automotive
- Born: 1942
Margaretta Taylor inherited a 17 percent stake in Cox Enterprises, a media and automotive conglomerate, from her mother Anne Cox Chambers, but she has never held an active role in the company. Taylor leaves the day-to-day operations of Cox Enterprises to her son Alex, who acts as the president and CEO, while she focuses her attention on philanthropy. Much of Taylor's charitable giving is centered on conservation and education efforts.
18. Katharine Rayner (tie)
- Net worth: $6.2 billion (#414 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: media, automotive
- Born: 1945
The younger daughter of Anne Cox Chambers, Katharine Rayner also inherited a 17 percent stake in Cox enterprises from her mother. Like her sister Margaretta Taylor, Rayner has never held an active role in the company. Instead, she's made her home in East Hampton, New York, where she focuses her energy on philanthropy and gardening.
17. Pauline MacMillan Keinath
- Net worth: $6.4 billion (#404 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Cargill
- Born: 1934
While she is believed to be the largest single shareholder of the Cargill company with a 13 percent stake, Pauline MacMillan Keinath lives a fairly private life. The family company did $114.6 billion in sales in 2020.
16. Ronda Stryker
- Net worth: $6.5 billion (#397 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: medical equipment
- Born: 1954
In 2013, Ronda Stryker, a former special education teacher, earned a lifetime achievement award from the YWCA, acknowledging her as a positive role model. Stryker inherited the Stryker Corporation from her parents, who had inherited it from her grandfather. She serves as director of the medical equipment company and is the only one of her three siblings to take on an active role in the business. She made headlines in 2018 when she donated $30 million to Spelman College, the largest gift from a living donor in the school's history.
15. Christy Walton
- Net worth: $7.5 billion (#339 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Walmart
- Born: 1949
When Christy Walton's husband John died in 2005, she inherited one-sixth of his Walmart fortune. In 2010, she established the venture capital firm Cuna del Mar, which fights for sustainable seafood supply chains by backing brands like Earth Ocean Farms and Sol Azul Maricultivos.
14. Nancy Walton Laurie
- Net worth: $7.7 billion (#317 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Walmart
- Born: 1951
One of several Walmart heirs on this list, Nancy Walton Laurie inherited enough company stock from her father, Bud Walton, to make her a billionaire. Walton Laurie and her husband Bill Laurie own Missouri's Providence Bank. Outside of her business interests, in 1998 she founded the Columbia Performing Arts Center in Columbia, Missouri, and she continues to be deeply invested in the center's success.
10. Pamela Mars-Wright (tie)
- Net worth: $7.8 billion (#310 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: candy, pet food
- Born: 1960
In 1911, Pamela Mars-Wright's great-grandfather Frank Mars founded Mars Incorporated—what was then simply a candy company. Today, Mars Inc. is the world's largest candymaker and has expanded into pet food. Mars-Wright has been actively involved in the family business since she took her first job in the company in 1986. She currently serves as the family ambassador to the Mars pet care division. In addition to her work with her great-grandfather's company, Mars also retains a position as a member of the board of Johns Hopkins Medicine.
10. Victoria Mars (tie)
- Net worth: $7.8 billion (#310 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: candy, pet food
- Born: 1965
The eldest of the Mars sisters, Victoria Mars began working for the family candy company in 1978 as an assistant brand manager for Milky Way. She officially stepped down from Mars Inc. after resigning from her role as chairman in 2017. Victoria's four children stand to inherit her 8% stake in the company.
10. Valerie Mars (tie)
- Net worth: $7.8 billion (#310 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: candy, pet food
- Born: 1959
Valerie Mars didn't begin working with the family's business until 1992. She's been actively involved since then, currently serving as the company's vice president of corporate development. Mars also sits on the board of Fiat Chrysler.
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10. Marijke Mars (tie)
- Net worth: $7.8 billion (#310 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: candy, pet food
- Born: 1965
Another of the four Mars sisters, Marijke Mars inherited 8 percent of the company when her father, Forrest Mars Jr., died in 2016. She sits on the board of Mars Inc. and helps make decisions about the future of the business.
9. Diane Hendricks
- Net worth: $8.0 billion (#303 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: roofing
- Born: 1947
As a child, Diane Hendricks spent her days on a dairy farm. Once married, she and her husband Ken founded ABC Supply, the largest wholesale distributor of roofing, siding, and windows in the country. Hendricks has run the company solo since Ken died in 2007 and donates millions of dollars to nonprofits in she and Ken's native Wisconsin every year.
8. Ann Walton Kroenke
- Net worth: $8.7 billion (#272 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Walmart
- Born: 1948
Ann Walton Kroenke, a registered nurse, is not at all involved in the operation of Walmart, her family's business. While she did inherit billions of dollars of shares upon the death of her father, Bud Walton, she and her husband have chosen to use their combined billions to purchase numerous sports teams: the Los Angeles Rams, the Denver Nuggets, the Colorado Avalanche, the Colorado Rapids, and the Arsenal Football Club.
7. Blair Parry-Okeden
- Net worth: $9.4 billion (#243 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: media, automotive
- Born: 1952
Barbara Cox Anthony, youngest daughter of James M. Cox and aunt to Margaretta Taylor and Katharine Rayner, had two children of her own: a son James and a daughter, Blair Parry-Okeden. Parry-Okeden inherited a 25 percent stake in her grandfather's company, Cox Enterprises, upon her mother's passing in 2007. She has never held an active role in the company, instead choosing to spend her life in Australia writing children's books.
6. Laurene Powell Jobs & family
- Net worth: $18.7 billion (#94 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Apple, Disney
- Born: 1963
Laurene Powell Jobs met her late husband, Apple founder Steve Jobs, after he gave a guest lecture at Stanford University while she was an MBA student there. When he died in 2011, Powell Jobs inherited billions of dollars in stock in both Apple and Disney.
5. Abigail Johnson
- Net worth: $20.9 billion (#83 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: money management
- Born: 1961
Abigail Johnson has served as the CEO of Fidelity since 2014. After spending summers working at Fidelity during her college years, Johnson accepted a role as a full-time analyst in 1988. In 2016, Johnson became chairman as well as CEO, and currently holds an estimated 24.5% stake in the company. The Johnson family has frequently contributed to Boston area nonprofits, with donations going to Harvard, Historic New England, and the Institute of Contemporary Art.
4. Jacqueline Mars
- Net worth: $31.3 billion (#45 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: candy, pet food
- Born: 1939
Jacqueline Mars is the great-aunt of the four Mars sisters highlighted earlier in this list. She owns an estimated one-third of her grandfather's candy company, and she worked for the company for nearly 20 years and served on the board until 2016. Today, Mars serves on the board of six different institutions, including the Smithsonian and the National Archives.
3. Julia Koch & family
- Net worth: $46.4 billion (#26 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Koch Industries
- Born: 1962
Julia Koch inherited a 42 percent stake in Koch Industries when her husband David died in 2019. The duo met on a blind date in 1991 and married in 1996. The former fashion assistant and her late husband have donated a total of $1.2 billion, including $10 million to both the Mount Sinai Medical Center and the Stanford Children's Medical Center.
2. MacKenzie Scott
- Net worth: $53.0 billion (#22 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Amazon
- Born: 1970
The ex-wife of Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, MacKenzie Scott announced the couple's split on Twitter in 2019. That same year she signed the Giving Pledge, promising to donate the vast majority of her wealth to philanthropic causes. Scott was awarded 25 percent of Bezos's stake in Amazon—4 percent of the company—upon the finalization of their divorce in 2019.
1. Alice Walton
- Net worth: $64.0 billion (#15 wealthiest person in the world)
- Source of wealth: Walmart
- Born: 1949
The only daughter of Walmart founder Sam Walton, Alice Walton inherited a huge portion of the company upon her father's death in 1992. A member of the richest nonroyal family in the world, Walton has spent very little time working for the family business, instead focusing on curating artwork. In 2011, she opened her own art museum in Arkansas, the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, which features works from greats like Warhol, Rockwell, and Rothko.
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Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.
Newsweek is committed to challenging conventional wisdom and finding connections in the search for common ground.
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